Maternity leave in America
25/6/11 10:11![[identity profile]](https://www.dreamwidth.org/img/silk/identity/openid.png){kind=small}
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talkpoliticsLet's try this again, as I feel it is an important matter to discuss.
America stands almost alone without legislation for paid maternity leave. American mothers, under the Family and Medical Leave Act are allowed only 12 weeks of unpaid leave before returning to work. To make it worse, those who work for companies with fewer than 50 employees or have worked less than 1,250 hours in the past year are not covered under the Act and are entitled to no time off. While some companies have provided their own paid maternity leave policies these jobs are scarce. A 2008 report found that only 16% of companies with more than 100 workers provide 100% paid maternity leave for the legislated period. Women can not rely on the goodwill of their employers, legislation is sorely needed to ensure the rights of working mothers.
Almost every other country in the world, including Afghanistan, Somalia, Cuba and Iraq have paid maternity leave legislation of some sort. Most nations have laws providing for time off ranging from 14 to 96 weeks in a mixture of paid and unpaid time and varying levels of pay. In the Czech Republic mothers can take up to 4 years off, paid for by the state. Sweden provides 16 months, with the cost shared between the government and the employer at 80% of the the mothers salary. The UK laws provide for 39 weeks paid, by the employer with an additional 13 weeks unpaid. Canada provides 52 weeks, paid for by the government at 55% of your salary with an additional 35 weeks of parental leave to be shared with your partner, covered under our Employment Insurance program.
The benefits of maternity leave are vast for both the mother and child. Mothers without maternity leave or shorter periods are, not surprisingly, more likely to become depressed. Returning to work after childbirth makes breastfeeding, with all it's health benefits, all but impossible. Studies have shown that fewer than 12 weeks maternity leave have behavioral effects on the child in the long term. They have lower cognitive test scores, reach milestones later and exhibit behavioral problems as they age. As they reach school age lower tests scores are noted. There are even results being shown in new studies in the field of epigenetics that may prove that early social interaction influences the marks that effect serotonin levels which may lead to adult depression. Longer maternity leaves have been shown to decrease early childhood mortality rates due to better monitoring of the child's health or accident prevention. These benefits clearly demonstrate the the short and long term beneficial effects of longer maternity leaves for the betterment of society.
Many of you probably believe the government should not be forced to pay maternity leave salaries. However if you look at the programs in place all around the world you can see that this is not mandatory. There are programs ranging from full state paid, payment divided between the state and the employer or full employer paid. Any of these are acceptable. What is not acceptable is to continue to force American mothers to choose between bonding with their child and making money to cover the needs of their families.
America stands almost alone without legislation for paid maternity leave. American mothers, under the Family and Medical Leave Act are allowed only 12 weeks of unpaid leave before returning to work. To make it worse, those who work for companies with fewer than 50 employees or have worked less than 1,250 hours in the past year are not covered under the Act and are entitled to no time off. While some companies have provided their own paid maternity leave policies these jobs are scarce. A 2008 report found that only 16% of companies with more than 100 workers provide 100% paid maternity leave for the legislated period. Women can not rely on the goodwill of their employers, legislation is sorely needed to ensure the rights of working mothers.
Almost every other country in the world, including Afghanistan, Somalia, Cuba and Iraq have paid maternity leave legislation of some sort. Most nations have laws providing for time off ranging from 14 to 96 weeks in a mixture of paid and unpaid time and varying levels of pay. In the Czech Republic mothers can take up to 4 years off, paid for by the state. Sweden provides 16 months, with the cost shared between the government and the employer at 80% of the the mothers salary. The UK laws provide for 39 weeks paid, by the employer with an additional 13 weeks unpaid. Canada provides 52 weeks, paid for by the government at 55% of your salary with an additional 35 weeks of parental leave to be shared with your partner, covered under our Employment Insurance program.
The benefits of maternity leave are vast for both the mother and child. Mothers without maternity leave or shorter periods are, not surprisingly, more likely to become depressed. Returning to work after childbirth makes breastfeeding, with all it's health benefits, all but impossible. Studies have shown that fewer than 12 weeks maternity leave have behavioral effects on the child in the long term. They have lower cognitive test scores, reach milestones later and exhibit behavioral problems as they age. As they reach school age lower tests scores are noted. There are even results being shown in new studies in the field of epigenetics that may prove that early social interaction influences the marks that effect serotonin levels which may lead to adult depression. Longer maternity leaves have been shown to decrease early childhood mortality rates due to better monitoring of the child's health or accident prevention. These benefits clearly demonstrate the the short and long term beneficial effects of longer maternity leaves for the betterment of society.
Many of you probably believe the government should not be forced to pay maternity leave salaries. However if you look at the programs in place all around the world you can see that this is not mandatory. There are programs ranging from full state paid, payment divided between the state and the employer or full employer paid. Any of these are acceptable. What is not acceptable is to continue to force American mothers to choose between bonding with their child and making money to cover the needs of their families.
(no subject)
Date: 25/6/11 15:33 (UTC)(no subject)
Date: 25/6/11 15:38 (UTC)(no subject)
Date: 25/6/11 15:49 (UTC)(no subject)
Date: 25/6/11 22:57 (UTC)(no subject)
Date: 25/6/11 15:45 (UTC)More likely, the exceptional US prison population is due to very PUNITIVE punishments. We don't necessarily have more laws, but we have more severe punishments. Transgressions that would earn you community service in, say, Australia will get you a prison stay in the U.S. That, plus the War on Drugs and the continued defunding and devaluing of mental health services and facilities... It's pretty easy to understand, though not so easy to fix.
(no subject)
Date: 25/6/11 15:58 (UTC)I assumed the original person was referring to criminalizing things that are controversial.
'Transgressions that would earn you community service in, say, Australia will get you a prison stay in the U.S.'
http://www.nationmaster.com/country/as-australia/cri-crime
http://www.nationmaster.com/country/us-united-states/cri-crime
US- 21.1% of the population is a victim of a crime.
Australia- 30.1% of the population is a victim of a crime.
Rape-
US- 0.4%
Aus-1.0%
Assault-
US- 1.2%
AUS-2.4%
Perception of safety-
US- 82%
AUS-64%
Australia needs to do something about their criminal problem.
(no subject)
Date: 25/6/11 16:14 (UTC)(no subject)
Date: 25/6/11 16:21 (UTC)(no subject)
Date: 25/6/11 16:41 (UTC)Of course it is not the only cause but it is one that should be addressed.
(no subject)
Date: 25/6/11 16:57 (UTC)Do you think someone in London where they have the NHS, gun prohibition, and maternity leave is statistically safer than New York?
(no subject)
Date: 25/6/11 17:47 (UTC)(no subject)
Date: 26/6/11 02:04 (UTC)http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/cri_tot_cri_vic-crime-total-victims
(no subject)
Date: 26/6/11 02:20 (UTC)(no subject)
Date: 26/6/11 03:20 (UTC)Which has very little to do with with reporting methods.
(no subject)
Date: 26/6/11 03:34 (UTC)(no subject)
Date: 26/6/11 04:31 (UTC)Consider: you're prepared to accept the possibility that Australia has sufficient cultural differences compared to the U.S. that we're up to 50% more criminal, but you're not prepared to accept the possibility that Australia has sufficient cultural differences that we report crime up to 50% better.
If we want to look at comparative violence as a general indicator of crime rates, what I would look at is homicide rates. It's difficult to conceal a homicide so they are more reliably reported than most other crimes, and even fairly incompetent police tend to record when people die suspiciously.
The the U.S. homicide rate is ~4 times than of Australia. Interestingly, this correlates almost exactly with the difference in the respective firearm homicide rates, but as 2nd Amendment activists repeatedly remind me when I bring that up, we can't necessarily attribute that on the disparate levels of gun ownership because we can't assume that Australia and the U.S. are culturally identical.
(no subject)
Date: 26/6/11 04:34 (UTC)(no subject)
Date: 26/6/11 05:02 (UTC)